Datasource: IQVIATM Sales Data (Sell-In) from pharmaceutical industries to public pharmacies, self-dispensing physicians and hospitals
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Datasource: IQVIATM Sales Data (Sell-In) from pharmaceutical industries to public pharmacies, self-dispensing physicians and hospitals
IQVIATM Dataset The data in this interactive graph were calculated using IQVIA TM data. The data were collected on behalf of the Swiss Federal Office
of Public Health via the IQVIATM database, which provides pharmaceutical sales data (Sell-in). This comprehensive dataset includes antibacterial
sales by the pharmaceutical industry to pharmacies and self-dispensing physicians (channels: APO/SD) and to hospitals (channel: SPI).
AWaRe Classification of antibiotics In the revision of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML), antibiotics have been grouped into
a new classification as metric for antibacterial use: the AWaRe classification system [1]. This classification system classifies key antibiotics into three categories;
Access, Watch, and Reserve. It was developed as a simple stewardship intervention tool that is
applicable worldwide (www.adoptaware.com).
Access group
This group contains the antibiotics of first choice for each of the 25 most common infections. These antibiotics minimize the potential for resistance.
Watch Group
This group includes most of the "highest-priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA)" for human use. These antibiotics are recommended only
for specific, limited indications.
Reserve Group This group contains antibiotics which should only be used as a last resort when all other antibiotics have failed.
The WHO 13th General Programme of Work 2019-2023 includes a country-level target of at least 60% of total antibiotic consumption being Access group
antibiotics [2]. For this analysis, ATC codes of the groups A07AA, J01, J04AB, P01AB were considered. The bar chart shows the total antibiotic consumption in
the outpatient and inpatient sectors combined. The black line indicates the target of 60% of Access-antibiotics.
The Access-to-Watch Index is a measure of how much of the preferred "Access" antibiotic category is used compared to the "Watch" antibiotic category [3].
A value above 1 indicates a higher consumption of "access" than of "watch" antibiotics. The value should be above 1.5. However, this is not an
official WHO limit as it does not take into account the use of "Reserve" antibiotics. As the use of reserve antibiotics is low in Switzerland,
the value of 1.5 corresponds quite well to the limit of at least 60% "Access" antibiotics.
[1] WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification of antibiotics for evaluation and monitoring of use, 2021. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021 (WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.04). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
[2] Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13): metadata for impact measurement indicators. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.